MOTS-c is a mitochondrial-derived peptide with significant roles in metabolic regulation and energy production. Acting as an exercise mimic, it targets skeletal muscle to enhance insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake through the AMPK pathway, without increasing insulin levels. This property has shown promise in managing blood sugar levels in conditions like type 2 diabetes and obesity. Since its discovery, AMPK has been a focus for interventions against metabolic diseases, highlighting the therapeutic potential of MOTS-c in these areas.